What must be proven by the prosecution when an affirmative defense is raised?

When an affirmative defense is raised, the prosecution has the burden to prove that the defendant does not fall within the parameters of that defense. This means that the prosecution must demonstrate that the circumstances put forth by the defendant do not meet the legal criteria established for the affirmative defense being claimed.

For example, if a defendant asserts self-defense as an affirmative defense, the prosecution must show evidence that contradicts the claim of self-defense, such as proving that the defendant was the initial aggressor or that the level of force used by the defendant was not necessary under the circumstances.

In this context, establishing that the defendant does not fall within the affirmative defense is essential because it challenges the validity of the defense itself, effectively negating its potential to absolve the defendant of liability. Therefore, the burden rests with the prosecution to refute the affirmative defense to secure a conviction.